Introduction

Intelligent CapitalWho owns the value created? This seemingly simple question directly points to the most acute issue of distributive justice in the era of digital intelligence. In the traditional industrial context, there are still clear physical boundaries for labor capital distribution; In the algorithm and data-driven digital ecosystem, the flow of value has become blurred. Every click and browse by users on the platform contributes to capital appreciation, but fails to share any profits.

MarxThe distribution theory provides a critical foundation for this:Allocation RelationshipIt is not a technology neutral 'cake sharing', but ratherRelations Of ProductionThe direct manifestation. Who owns itMeans Of ProductionWhoever controls the allocation of data and algorithms. The distribution dilemma in the era of digital intelligence is essentially a result of the lag between the transformation of production relations and the leap of productive forces.

In traditional Chinese culture“The distinction between righteousness and profit”It provides ethical coordinates for transcending the logic of capital. Distribution should not only be subject to the "interest" of capital appreciation, but also conform to the "righteousness" of social equity. This article aims to combine the critical edge of Marxist political economy with traditional Chinese governance wisdom to analyze and solve the current distribution paradox.

1、 The masking of the source of value: from the "collective workers" to the exploitative accumulation of platform capital

1.1 The Illusion and Essence of "Labor" in Intelligent Capital

Platform capital often renders algorithms as "new laborers" with autonomous intelligence, attempting to sever their connection with human labor. However, fromMarxismFrom a perspective, intelligent capital does not create new value; it simply“Overall Workers”The digital condensation and amplification of social labor. Cleaning by data annotators, coding by algorithm engineers, and daily routines of users“Digital Labor”Together, they form the value foundation of intelligent capital. Western Economics'“Human Capital”The concept only describes explicit technological contributions, but deliberately obscures the theoretical status of users as implicit laborers.

1.2 The 'enclosure movement' in the digital age

The accumulation logic of platform capital lies in the free possession of users' digital footprints. This kind of“Digital Enclosure”Sports transform data resources that originally belonged to the public domain or individuals into private property of the platform. What Marx Revealed“Primitive Accumulation”In the digital age, it repeats itself in a more covert way - not by depriving farmers of their land, but by depriving users of their data ownership. This new type of exploitative accumulation is the structural root of unequal distribution.

1.3 The modern loss of the ideal of "Great Harmony"

The Book of Rites and the Book of Rites depicts the“Datong World”Emphasize that 'strength is useful'. In the era of digital intelligence, this means that data producers should naturally enjoy the fruits of their labor. However, the logic of platform capital precisely deviates from this point, leading to a serious separation between data dividends and value creators, and the simultaneous expansion of the "digital divide" and wealth gap, making traditional“Difference Principle”Difficult to shake the existing interest structure.

2、 Ethical reconstruction of distributive justice: from "enriching the people with wealth" to "using righteousness to control profit"

2.1 Value Review Beyond 'Externalities'

Western economics often defines user data contribution as“Externality”It seems that platform profits are unrelated to user behavior. This neutral description conceals the true source of value. From a Marxist perspective, this is typicalSurplus ValueCapture: Users create value but do not receive compensation for labor reproduction. The platform has built a dual hegemony through "free services" - making users dependent on services while losing control over data revenue.

2.2 Contemporary implications of "enriching the people with wealth"

The proposition of 'Guanzi: Herdsmen'“Wealth is stored among the people.”Emphasizing that true prosperity lies in the abundance of the people. The core of "enriching the people" in the era of digital intelligence lies in establishingRight to benefit from data elementsThis is different from the hindsight of Western welfare economics“Compensation Principle”But rather, it is necessary to ensure that data producers have the right to distribution at the source of the system, so that the wealth created by data can return to the wholeCarbon Based PeopleRather than being monopolized by platform capital.

2.3 Integration of "righteousness" and "benefit"

Xunzi said:“Righteousness and benefit are two things that humans have... make their desires for profit outweigh their righteousness. ”In the era of numerical intelligence, “Using righteousness to control profit”This means that the distribution rules cannot only follow the logic of capital appreciation, but must be subject to ethical scrutiny of social justice. Is the distribution plan fair? Has it taken into account vulnerable groups? This is a question that capital logic cannot answer on its own.

3、 Technological Empowerment and Institutional Construction: The Implementation Path of Blockchain and distributive justice

3.1 The 'double-edged sword' effect of smart contracts

BlockchainTechnology, especiallySmart ContractProviding technological possibilities for distributive justice. By writing allocation rules into immutable code, value creation and allocation can be synchronized and automatically completed. However, technology is neutral. Code can only guarantee that rules are 'executed', but cannot guarantee that the rules themselves are 'just'. If the power to formulate rules is still monopolized by capital, blockchain will only become a more efficient tool for deprivation.

3.2 Beyond the governance logic of 'incentive compatibility'

Western institutional economics advocates“Incentive Compatibility”Emphasize that mechanism design should induce participants to act according to rules. But they often only ask about efficiency and not about justice. The traditional Chinese concept of "using righteousness to control profit" requires that the distribution mechanism be placed under an ethical framework. Breaking the distribution dilemma requires going beyond purely technical means“Mechanism Design”Build a governance system that integrates technological rationality and value rationality.

3.3 Institutional safeguards towards fairness and justice

To achieve distributive justice in the era of digital intelligence, a system that integrates the soul of horse learning, the application of Western learning, and the body of secondary education is needed. withMarxismRevealing the essence of exploitation in the WestMechanism DesignOptimize the technological path to“The distinction between righteousness and profit”Establish ethical coordinates. Only through legal protection of data rights, algorithmic auditing to ensure transparency of rules, and democratic participation to balance platform power, can technology truly serve human development.

Conclusion

The allocation in the era of digital intelligence is not simply a technical issue, but a profound political economy proposition.Platform CapitalThe logic of accumulation is based on the masking of the labor value of the 'overall workers'.BlockchainAlthough technical means of distribution are provided, the realization of justice ultimately depends on the construction of human institutions.

WithThe soul of horse studies——Surplus Value TheoryAndDistribution relationship analysis,Revealing the essence of exploitation; borrowThe Application of Western Learning——Incentive DesignAndThe principle of compensation,Optimize the technical path of allocation; remitThe 'Body' of Middle School——“The distinction between righteousness and profit”With“Wealth is stored among the people.”Establish ethical coordinates for allocation. Only in this way can we build an efficient and warm distribution system in the era of algorithms, and move towards true common prosperity.